Esophageal varices are MC d/t? tx to prevent rebleeds? a) Esophageal varices are most commonly due to portal hypertension; treatment to prevent rebleeds includes beta-blockers, endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL), and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
b) Esophageal varices are most commonly due to alcoholism; treatment to prevent rebleeds includes proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL), and surgical resection
c) Esophageal varices are most commonly due to Helicobacter pylori infection; treatment to prevent rebleeds includes antibiotics, endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL), and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
d) Esophageal varices are most commonly due to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); treatment to prevent rebleeds includes antacids, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL)