Answer:
1) The mass of the produced salt (CuCl₂) = 13.45 g.
2) The mass of the produced water (H₂O) = 1.8 g.
Explanation:
- The balanced chemical equation between CuO and HCl is:
CuO + 2HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂O,
It is clear that 1 mol of CuO reacts with 2 mol of HCl to produce 1 mol of CuCl₂ and 1 mol of H₂O.
- Firstly, we need to calculate the no. of moles of (8.0 g CuO) and (125.0 g HCl):
no. of moles of CuO = mass/molar mass = (8.0 g)/(79.545 g/mol) = 0.1 mol.
no. of moles of HCl = mass/molar mass = (125.0 g)/(36.46 g/mol) = 3.43 mol.
- From the balanced equation: CuO reacts with HCl with (1: 2) molar ratio.
∴ 0.1 mol of CuO "limiting reactant" reacts with 0.2 mol of HCl "excess reactant".
- To calculate the mass of the produced salt (CuCl₂):
1 mol of CuO produces → 1 mol of CuCl₂, from stichiometry.
∴ 0.1 mol of CuO produces → 0.1 mol of CuCl₂.
∴ The mass of the produced salt (CuCl₂) = (no. of moles)(molar mass) = (0.1 mol)(134.45 g/mol) = 13.45 g.
- To calculate the mass of the produced salt (H₂O):
1 mol of CuO produces → 1 mol of H₂O, from stichiometry.
∴ 0.1 mol of CuO produces → 0.1 mol of H₂O.
∴ The mass of the produced water (H₂O) = (no. of moles)(molar mass) = (0.1 mol)(18.0 g/mol) = 1.8 g.
