Imagine that you are studying the control of β-globin gene expression in immature red blood cells (mature red blood cells contain β-globin protein but lack a nucleus and therefore the β-globin gene). If you deleted a sequence of DNA outside the protein-coding region of the β-globin gene and found that this increased the rate of transcription, the deleted sequence likely functions as a(n) _____. a. enhancer b. promoter-proximal c. element promoter d. silencer e. any of the above