True or False:
The efficient markets hypothesis holds only if all investors are rational.

Almost all financial theory and decision models assume that the financial markets are efficient. The informational efficiency of financial markets determines the ability of investors to "beat" the market and earn excess (or abnormal) returns on their investments. If the markets are efficient, they will react rapidly as new relevant information becomes available. Financial theorists have identified three levels of informational efficiency that reflect what information is incorporated in stock prices.

Consider the following statement, and identify the form of capital market efficiency under the efficient market hypothesis based on this statement:

Current market prices reflect all information contained in past price movements.

This statement is consistent with:

Strong-form efficiency
Semi strong-form efficiency
Weak-form efficiency

Consider that there is a strong-form of efficiency in the markets.

A pharmaceutical company announces that it has received Federal Drug Administration approval for a new allergy drug that completely prevents hay fever. The consensus analyst forecast for the company's earnings per share (EPS) is $5.00, and insiders agree with analyst expectations. They too expect that, with this new drug, earnings will drive the EPS to $5.00. What will happen when the company releases its next earnings report?

The stock price will increase and settle at a new equilibrium level.
The stock price will not change, because the market already incorporated that information in the stock price when the announcement about FDA approval was made.
There will be some volatility in the stock price when the earnings report is released; it is difficult to determine the impact on the stock price.