Cattell used factor analysis to reduce thousands of psychological traits into what he believed to be 16 of the basic dimensions, or source traits of human personality. As a result, he created the 16PF personality test.
Cattell contends that types and attributes are only the extremes of the same statistical measures rather than being fundamentally distinct entities. Source qualities are the core, underlying characteristics. Source qualities frequently combine and/or interact in ways that, at first glance, seem to point to a single trait.
To determine what behaviors tended to be clustered together in the same individuals, Cattell used a mathematical approach called factor analysis to examine the T-data and Q-data. He discovered 16 universal personality characteristics or variables. Cattell distinguished between source traits and surface traits.
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